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Blessings and Curses From Constantinople

Foreign Affairs - Thu, 25/10/2018 - 06:00
The split in the Orthodox Church between Constantinople and Moscow will have wide-ranging implications for Russia's foreign policy under Vladimir Putin and Ukrainian domestic politics under Petro Poroshenko.

Eloge du flou

Le Monde Diplomatique - Wed, 24/10/2018 - 19:34
Proposer au spectateur des images le plus nettes possible peut sembler le minimum que l'on soit en droit d'attendre d'un cinéaste. Mais ces images propres et sans ambiguïté sont-elles à même de rendre fidèlement la vérité du réel ? / Art, Audiovisuel, Cinéma, Culture, Idées - (...) / , , , , - 2011/09

Verts allemands : dans le laboratoire de l'écolo-bourgeoisie

Le Monde Diplomatique - Wed, 24/10/2018 - 15:34
Héritiers de la contestation des années 1960, les Grünen ont lutté contre le nucléaire, expérimenté de nouvelles formes de vie collective. Forts de résultats électoraux encourageants, leurs dirigeants tentent aujourd'hui de concilier écologie, économie et jeu institutionnel. Des compromis parfois (...) / , , , , , , , , , , - 2011/08

Op-Ed: Lara Alqassem verdict highlights Israel’s vibrant democracy

Foreign Policy Blogs - Wed, 24/10/2018 - 14:53

American writer Andy Griffith once stated, “Whether a man is guilty or innocent, we have to find that out by due process of law.” For anyone who lives in a democratic society, these basic principles are a given but following Israel’s detention of Lara Alqasem, it appears as though the international media pushed those principles aside.
After Israel detained Lara Alqasem at Ben-Gurion Airport, numerous media outlets across the globe were up in arms.

The Huffington Post called the move anti-democratic. Salon Magazine claimed that her detention goes against the “Jewish liberal tradition.” The Independent stated that detaining Alqasem was an attack on her academic freedom.
However, now since the Israeli Supreme Court has ruled in favor of Alqasem, what do such critics have to say? Do they still view Israel as an anti-democratic state fighting against the Jewish liberal tradition who attacks the academic freedom of any potential critic?

The international media did not behave fairly towards Israel. The Israeli Knesset passed a BDS Law, which barred foreigners active in the BDS Movement from coming to the State of Israel. Israel passed this law because frequently in the past, BDS supporters would come and engage in hostile actions towards the country. It was a law that was passed by a democratic government, who is presently fighting a war against terrorism. When a nation is at war, it is common to pass such laws.

Israel does not ban individuals based on religion and nationality. For Israel, all that mattered was the fact that she served as President of the Students for Justice in Palestine at the University of Florida, which supports BDS. During her tenure, she held an event in support of Palestinian terrorist Rasmea Odeh and promoted the boycott of Sabra Hummus. Given the present political situation in Israel and also the passage of the BDS Law, it was only natural that Alqasem would be detained.

However, even though Israel had every reason in the book to deport her immediately, the State of Israel gave her the right to appeal her deportation all the way to the Israeli Supreme Court and Alqasem was given legal representation. Ultimately, she was successful in her desire to study in Israel because she claimed her support of the BDS Movement was a thing of the past.

According to the Times of Israel, Alqasem erased her social media account in order to hide current support for the BDS Movement. Dr. Dana Barnett, who heads Israel Academia Monitor, a group that monitors anti-Israel activities within academia, also noted how problematic it was for Alqasem’s supporters in the Israeli Supreme Court to argue that the fact that she wished to study in Israel was proof that she was not a supporter of the BDS Movement anymore since BDS Movement co-founder Omar Barghouti studied ethics in the philosophy department at Tel Aviv University. In addition, she proclaimed that Kobi Snitz of BDS from Within, Dr. Neve Gordon, Dr. Rachel Giora and Dr. Anat Matar all advocated in favor of BDS while being part of Israeli universities: “Using Israeli products and services does not stop BDS activists from calling for BDS.”

But these facts were all ignored by the Israeli Supreme Court, who wished to give Alqasem the benefit of the doubt since she was a young student activist and not one of the main leaders of the BDS Movement. This demonstrates that Israel is a democratic country which honors the liberal Jewish tradition and respects the academic freedom of its critics.

The post Op-Ed: Lara Alqassem verdict highlights Israel’s vibrant democracy appeared first on Foreign Policy Blogs.

The Long Hangover: Putin’s New Russia and the Ghosts of the Past

Politique étrangère (IFRI) - Wed, 24/10/2018 - 09:00

Cette recension a été publiée dans le numéro de printemps de Politique étrangère (n°3/2018). Céline Marangé propose une analyse de l’ouvrage de Shaun Walker, The Long Hangover: Putin’s New Russia and the Ghosts of the Past (Oxford University Press, 2018, 288 pages).

Voici un essai sur le poids de l’histoire en Russie et en Ukraine. Son auteur s’interroge sur les « fantômes du passé » (la « longue gueule de bois »…) qui hantent les mémoires et tourmentent les vivants : les ivresses idéologiques et les excès de violence du XXe siècle taraudent encore les consciences. Correspondant du Guardian à Moscou, Shaun Walker cherche moins à développer une argumentation serrée qu’à rassembler des témoignages évocateurs. D’une plume alerte, il brosse une succession de portraits qui composent un tableau d’ensemble.

La première partie explore les ambiguïtés du rapport au passé à partir de quatre événements traumatiques de l’histoire russe contemporaine. Elle montre que l’importance accordée par Vladimir Poutine à la restauration de l’État russe entrave le travail de mémoire et contribue à imposer une histoire officielle. La fétichisation de l’État empêche, en effet, de reconnaître sa nature criminelle à l’époque stalinienne.

Le premier chapitre illustre la perte de repères induite par l’effondrement du communisme et l’implosion de l’Union soviétique. Le deuxième s’intéresse à la mémorialisation de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, objet d’un réinvestissement politique croissant. En atteste la fête du 9 mai qui commémore la victoire sur l’Allemagne nazie avec toujours plus de pompe depuis l’époque brejnévienne, alors que cette journée était auparavant réservée au souvenir des morts. Le troisième chapitre évoque l’écharde tchétchène et son histoire. Il montre comment de la deuxième guerre de Tchétchénie émerge un nouveau contrat social, fondé non seulement sur l’amnistie de milliers de combattants en échange d’une loyauté quasi-féodale à l’égard du président russe, mais aussi sur deux amnésies imposées, celle de la déportation et celle des guerres récentes.

Le quatrième chapitre, sans doute le plus touchant, porte sur la mémoire des répressions staliniennes à partir de l’exemple de la Kolyma. L’auteur cherche – presque en vain – dans la région des traces de ce passé, d’abord à Magadan, puis sur la « route des os ». Il croise le chemin de personnages tragiques tout droit sortis d’un roman de Dostoïevski : Oleg le chauffeur, Panikarov le collectionneur, Olga l’Ukrainienne, déportée sans raison en 1946 et libérée en 1956 avec interdiction de rejoindre sa terre natale. Chacun à sa manière témoigne de l’extrême difficulté que les survivants et les descendants éprouvent à affronter un passé lancinant.

La deuxième partie du livre éclaire les antagonismes du présent à la lueur du passé. Elle montre que les conflits autour de l’Ukraine s’enracinent dans des expériences historiques et des visions opposées du passé. L’auteur revient sur l’histoire de l’Ukraine dans l’entre-deux-guerres puis expose comment, dans les années 2000, le président Iouchtchenko a instrumentalisé la politique de la mémoire et réhabilité des figures controversées pour conjurer sa baisse de popularité.

Particulièrement éclairant, le chapitre sur les Tatars de Crimée explique l’attitude inébranlable des dirigeants tatars après l’annexion de la Crimée à la lumière de l’histoire longue de leur peuple, floué par le pouvoir impérial russe au XVIIIe siècle et déporté par les autorités soviétiques en 1944. Les derniers chapitres décrivent la spirale de la violence et la nostalgie de l’Union soviétique qui ont conduit à la déstabilisation du Donbass.

Toute personne intéressée par la culture politique russe devrait lire ces pages qui offrent, de manière vivante et incarnée, une réflexion sur l’imbrication du passé et du présent.

Céline Marangé

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Germany’s New Politics of Cultural Despair

Foreign Policy - Wed, 24/10/2018 - 00:27
Will the return of the European far-right be the undoing of the West?

Trump’s Blank Check Diplomacy is Remaking the U.S.-Saudi Relationship

Foreign Policy - Tue, 23/10/2018 - 23:27
The U.S. president is keen to sweep any discussion of the kingdom's involvement in Jamal Khashoggi’s killing under the rug, raising big questions about his foreign policy.

UN Security Council hails ‘courage’ of Afghan voters; calls for perpetrators of violence to be held accountable

UN News Centre - Tue, 23/10/2018 - 23:16
Welcoming Saturday’s parliamentary elections in Afghanistan, the United Nations Security Council called for continued engagement with electoral institutions and urged that any complaints over the vote should be channelled through established legal and constitutional mechanisms.

Trump’s Punk Rock Nuclear Policy

Foreign Policy - Tue, 23/10/2018 - 23:07
The only reason to pull out of the INF Treaty is to give a middle finger to the world.

Merging the U.S. Consulate and Embassy in Jerusalem Is a Mistake

Foreign Policy - Tue, 23/10/2018 - 22:34
Trump is pushing the Israeli-Palestinian conflict toward a one-state solution.

Half the population of Yemen at risk of famine: UN emergency relief chief

UN News Centre - Tue, 23/10/2018 - 22:34
Around 14 million people in Yemen, or half the total population of the country, are facing “pre-famine conditions,” said the UN Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs, in a briefing to the Security Council on Tuesday.

Dramatic funding shortages a ‘severe catastrophe’ for people of Gaza: UN Coordinator

UN News Centre - Tue, 23/10/2018 - 22:05
The UN Humanitarian Coordinator for the occupied Palestinian territory, Jamie McGoldrick, has been describing how ordinary Gazans are scraping by on just four hours of electricity per day due to fuel shortages, putting many in “a terrible situation” as the winter months approach.

Would INF Withdrawal Recreate a Nuclear Hair-Trigger World?

Foreign Policy - Tue, 23/10/2018 - 21:57
Junk enough arms control treaties, and the Cold War balance of terror will reign once again—this time with China in the mix.

Feeding families remains complex task in war-torn Syria – UN relief agency

UN News Centre - Tue, 23/10/2018 - 20:34
Nearly a million Syrians have headed home amid improving security, only to find houses destroyed and livelihoods lost said the United Nations emergency food relief agency on Tuesday, leaving many civilians still reliant on aid.

Trump Can’t Put ‘Maximum Pressure’ on Tehran and Keep Gas Prices Low

Foreign Policy - Tue, 23/10/2018 - 20:30
Something’s going to have to give, and it will probably be the sanctions.

‘Reasons to hope’ for sustainable peace in Central African Republic – UN Mission chief

UN News Centre - Tue, 23/10/2018 - 19:53
The top United Nations official in the Central African Republic (CAR), said on Tuesday he is “hopeful that the necessary foundations to build sustainable peace” have been established and that long-lasting stability will depend on the will of its people, and support from the international community.

How to Get Away With Murder (Saudi Edition)

Foreign Policy - Tue, 23/10/2018 - 17:56
A primer on Riyadh’s denials, excuses, rationalizations, spin, and other acts of sophistry about the death of Jamal Khashoggi.

UN expert calls for international investigation into ‘evident murder’ of Jamal Khashoggi

UN News Centre - Tue, 23/10/2018 - 17:48
The UN independent expert on freedom of opinion and expression, has said he’s “very disappointed” that Member States have so far failed to back calls for an independent international investigation into the “evident murder” of dissident Saudi journalist, Jamal Khashoggi.

Ces autres révolutions qui changèrent le monde

Le Monde Diplomatique - Tue, 23/10/2018 - 17:30
Révolution industrielle (XIXe siècle) Toutes les révolutions ne sont pas politiques : le progrès technique peut aussi bouleverser les modes de vie des populations. Au cours du XIXe siècle, la plupart des grands pays occidentaux amorcent une révolution industrielle fondée sur l'usage du charbon et de (...) / , , , , , , , , , , - Sciences et idées

French full-body veil ban, violated women’s freedom of religion: UN Human Rights Committee

UN News Centre - Tue, 23/10/2018 - 17:25
Following complaints by two French Muslim women, fined for wearing a full-body veil or niqab, a UN Committee of independent human rights experts ruled in their favour on Tuesday, stating that their freedom to practice their religion had been infringed.

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